Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) principally relays its effects through the Smad pathway however accumulating evidence indicate that alternative signaling routes are also employed by this pleiotropic cytokine. TGF-β receptors and components of the TRAF6-TAK1 signaling module resulting in differential regulation of TGF-β activated p38 and NF-κB responses. Modulation of cellular TTRAP level affects cell viability… Continue reading Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) principally relays its effects through the Smad